May 12, 2020

Science : Silent Hypoxia

Silent Hypoxia Covid 19

Silent Hypoxia


Hypoxia : Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. It can affect whole body or a part of body.

Silent Hypoxia : A person’s oxygen level in blood cells and tissue can drop without any initial warning. In cases of silent hypoxia of COVID-19 patients they did not experience shortness of breath or coughing until their oxygen levels had plummeted to such a degree that the patients risked acute respiratory distress (ARDS) and organ failure.

Normally partial pressure on Oxygen in arterial blood is around 75-100 mmHg.Measuring oxygen level in blood from Pulse oximeter normally reading comes to around 90-100%.

Detection of this type of Hypoxia is difficult therefore it is called Silent Hypoxia / Happy Hypoxia



Apr 26, 2020

News : June 2019

JUNE 2019


Appointments
  • Nayib Bukele : Prez El Salvador
  • Rajiv Mehrishi : CAG : External Auditor of WHO from 2020-2023 
  • FIFA Prez : Gianni Infantino :  HQ : Zurick : FIFA World Cup 2022 : Qatar
    • France beat Croatia in FIFA 2018
  • Axis Bank : Chairman :Rakesh Makhija 
  • Prayuth Chan-ocha : PM of Thailand
  • Tijjani Mohammad-Bande (Nigeria): Prez of 74th Assembly of UN General Assembly
  • Chairman Wipro : Rishad Premzi : Previous: Azim Premji
  • Vice chairperson : for the re-constituted NITI Aayog : Rajiv Kumar
    • CEO : Amitabh Kant
  • American Philosophical society : International Member : Romila Thapar 
  • Managing Director of GIFT city : Tapan Ray
  • Kassym Jomart Tokayev : Second Prez of Kazakhstan 
    • Earlier : Nur Sultan : Capital changed to Nur Sultan name
  • Pro term speaker of 17th Lok Sabha : Virendra Kumar
  • CEO of Reckitt Benckiser (British goods giant): Laxman Narasimhan
  • Zuzana Caputova : First female Prez of Slovakia(Capital Bratislava)
  • Mission Director of Chandrayan 2 : Ritu Karidhal - Rocket Women
    • Project director : Muthayya Vanitha
  • UN Environment Programme : Exec Director : Inger Andersen - Denmark
  • ISI new general Director : Faiz Hameed 
    • Pak : Operation swift retort against balakot
    • National Drink : Sugarcane
    • National Heritage : Panj Tirat
  • US Secretary of Defence : Mark Esper
  • Mohammed Ould Ghazouni : Prez : Mauritania (after 60 yr election held)
  • Chief of India Coast Guard : Krishnaswamy Natarajan
  • Director RAW : Samanth Kumar Goel
  • IB Director : Arvind Kumar

Resignations/Retirements

Obituaries
  • Evergreen Tea Man of India : Brij Mohan Khaitan :
    • Company : Williamson Magor
  • Mohammad Morsi : Former Prez of Egypt
Awards
  • Order of the Aztec Eagle : Orden Mexicana del Aguila Azteca : Highest Civilian award to foreigner : By Mexico : Pratibha Patil
  • Rajasthan : WHO No Tobacco Day Award 2019
  • Malayalam Actress Sheela : J C Daniel Award
  • Jimmy Carter : George H W bush Inaugural award
  • Greta Thunberg(Sweden) : Ambassador of Conscience Award by Amnesty International, London
  • The most honourable 'Order of the Distinguished Rule of Nishan Izzuddeen’ of Maldives : Narendra Modi - First foreign trip - 2019
  • UN equator Prize 2019 : Deccan Development society Telagana - Worked on Nature based solution
  • Danny kaye Humanitarian Award by UNICEF : Priyanka Chopra 
  • 54th Jnanpith Award : Amitav Ghosh : Book Gun Island
  • Manas Order of the First Degree : Highest national Prize of Kyrgyzstan : Xi Jinping
  • BBC World Service global champion : Akshaya Patra
  • Miss India World 2019 : Suman Rao - Rajasthan
  • 2019 : PM's Award for promotion and development of Yoga :
    • Antoneitta Rozzi
    • Swami Rajarshi Muni
    • Bihar School of Yoga
    • Japan Yoga Niketan
  • 'Star of Jerusalem' by Palestine : Mohammad Munir Ansari
    • PM Modi became 1st PM to visit :
      • Palestine
      • Israel
      • Mongolia
      • Rwanda

Sports
  • Champions League (EU) : Liverpool  beats Tottenham
  • Europa League : Chelsea beats Arsenal
  • UEFA Countries League : Portugal beats Netherland
  • FIFA World Cup : Women :  held in France
  • French Open 2019 -
    • Single Men : Rafael Nadel(Spain) - 12 times
    • Single women : Ashleigh Barty(Aus)
  • IAAF changed name to World Athletics
  • National : Women’s Single title in Squash : Joshua Chinappa
  • US open Golf Tournament 2019 : Gary Woodland 
  • Eoin Morgan : England captain hits 17 sixes in ODI against Afghanistan
    • Earlier : Rohit Sharma , Chris Gayle , AB de villiers hits 16 sixes
  • Winter Olympics : 2026 :

International
  • World Tobacco Day : 31 May - Theme : Tobacco and Lung Health
  • World’s Southernmost city : Puerto Williams : Chile 
  • World Env Day : 5 June : Theme : Beat Air Pollution
  • Estonia , Niger , St Vincent and the Grenadines,Tunisia,Vietnam : Elected as Non-permanent members in UNSC for 2 year term beginning : Jan 2020
    • 15 members : 10 non-permanent 
    • 5 permanent : China , US , UK , France , Russia
  • Indian Air Force to buy 100 spice 2000 bombs worth 300 crore from Israel
  • Ferry Service between : India and Maldives : New Prez : Ibrahim Mohamed Solih
  • National Maritime Heritage Museum : India and Portugal - Lothal , Gujarat
  • Guest Country at Guadalajara International Book Fair in Mexico : India 
  • 45th Summit of G7 Countries : Will be held in France , Biarritz
  • Mount Sinabung Volcano erupted  - Sumatra Island, Indonesia
    • Mount Etna : Sicily Italy
    • Mount Agung : Indonesia
    • Mount Krakatoa : Indonesia
  • 2019 SCO Summit : Bishkek , Kyrgyzsthan
  • Russia invite Narendra Modi - Chief guest for Eastern Economic Forum to be held in Vladivostok
    • Russia also gave highest civilian order to Narendra Modi - Order of Saint Andrew The Apostle.
  • Japan will invest 13000 crore to develop NE region.
    • New king : Naruhito
    • New era : Reiwg
  • World’s highest operating weather stations : Installed on Mt Everest 
  • Operation sunrise 2 : India and Myanmar Armies to save Kaladan project 
  • Facebook will launch digital currency LIBRA in 2020
  • UN report India will overtake China in population by 2027
  • QS World University Ranking : MIT (Eight Consecutive time)
    • IIT Bombay - 152 rank
  • 5th Conference on Interaction and Confidence building measures in Asia (CICA) Summit 2019 - Dushanbe, Tajikistan
  • Guthi Bill : Nepal : To bring temple trustee under govt
  • 5th International Yoga Day :
    • Theme : UN : Yoga for Climate Change
    • Theme : India : Yoga for Heart
  • Internal Olympic Committee : lifted sanctions on  India to host international sporting events
  • Full membership to FATF : Saudi Arabia
  • ASEAN members adopted Bangkok declaration to combat Marine Debris
  • Japan gifted Museum of Peace to Manipur : in Memory of second world war
  • Sister city agreement : Ahmedabad and Kobe (Japan)
National
  • Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport , Indore , MP : International Airport
  • Mohana Singh : First Women Fighter Pilot : Fly by Daytime : Hawk Advanced Jet Aircraft
  • Nal - se - Jal Scheme : Piped water connection to every household : 2024
  • Kargil Vijay Diwas : 26 July 1999 : Will complete 20 years
  • Rythu Bharosa scheme : started by Andra Pradesh 
    •  E-rythu : Mobile App
    • Land portal : Bhudar
  • UP : CM Yogi unveiled 7 foot tall status of Lord Rama (Kodamb Rama) at Shodh Sansthan museum , Ayodha
    • World highest status of Lord Rama to be built in Ayodha near Saryu river 221 m , greater than Status of Unity ( 182 m) 
  • ‘Pink Sarathi’ vehicles for Women safety : Started by Karnataka
  • Chaukhandi Stupa : Buddhist Site - Declared as Monument and protected areas National Importance by ASI : Sarnath UP
  • First Woman Prez of Bar council of UP : Darvesh Singh : Shot dead by the lawyer 
  • E-Foreigner Tribunal : Set up in Assam -
    • Guwahati : First ISO certified railway station from NGT
  • Maharaja Bir Bikram : 3rd Int Airport of NE : Agartala , Tripura
    • Kurnool Int Airport : Andhra Pradesh
    • Kannur : Kerela
    • Rourkela / Jharsuguda (new Name : Veer Surendra Sai): Odisha
    • Hollongi : Arunachal Pradesh - Foundation laid by Narendra Modi
  • Madhya Pradesh : Smart Gaushala
  • CM Yuva Sambal Yojana (Akshat Yojana) : Rajasthan : Unemployed graduate will get upto Rs 3500
  • Back to the Village : Programme started in J&K
  • India's first Cruise boat - Launched in Kerala
  • Air Traffic Flow Management : Central Command Centre : Inaugrated in New Delhi
  • Khadi School Uniform : Pilot project by UP
  • Bihar ban felling of trees : Due to pollution and increasing heat wave
  • Balakot strike mission name : Operation Bandar
  • Odisha released Flood Hazard Atlas
  • NITI Aayog health index 2019 :
    • Big state : Kerala best
    • Big State : UP worst
    • Small state : Mizoram best
  • MHA released ranking of Police Station 2018
    • 1. Kalu PS : Bikaner
    • 2. Campbell PS : Andaman & Nicobar
    • 3. Farakka PS : WB
Polity
  • Govt approved extension of President's rule in J&K for a period of 6 months under article : Art 356(4)
  • Om Birla : 17th Lok Sabha Speaker
Economics
  • Govt approved farmers : PM Kisan Pension Yojana :
    • Min 3000 
    • Entry Age : 18-40
  • Govt extended : PM Kisan Samman Yojana to all farmers
  • GI Tag: Kala Jeera and Chulli(dried Apricot) : Himachal Pradesh
  • GI tag : Kolhapuri Chappal : Wore in Maharashtra and Karnataka
  • RBI committee for Housing Finance Securitisation market : Harsh Vardhan
  • RBI : Jan-Mar 2019 : GDP growth : 5.8%
  • SDG Gender Equality Index : 95/129 : Denmark - 1 and 129 : Chad
  • 10th Rank of India in FDI inflow 2018 by UNCTAD World Investment report 2019
  • RBI : Total 22 Ombudsman in India
    • 3 in Delhi
    • 2 in Mumbai
  • Bangladesh: Fastest growing economy by ADB FY 2018-19 amon 45 countries of Asia Pacific region
  • IndusInd Bank included with Bharat Financial Inclusion = IndusInd Financial Inclusion Ltd
  • Central Banking System for Banking Infrastructure (CISBI) will replace Master Office File(MOF)
Env & Ecology
  • Animals to be conferred as Legal person/ entity : Haryana (2nd state)
    • First state to do so : Uttrakhand
  • Orchidarium : First in Meghalaya (Shillong)
    • First Arachnarium (Spider) museum : Jabalpur
    • First Oil Museum : Guwahati
  • World’s First Emission Trading System for Particulate particle : Gujarat
  • MoEF declared area around Asola Bhatti wildlife Sanctuary,Gurugram as eco-sensitive zone
  • First Dinosaur Museum cum park : Raiyoli - Mahisagar - Gujarat
  • First Solar Kitchen only Village : Bancha - Betul , MP
  • India will host 14th session of COP-14 of UN Convention to combat desertification
  • Centra plans to add 500 GW renewable energy by 2030
    • 2022 : 175 GW
Science & Tech
  • IIT Guwahati set up Space Technology Cell with ISRO
  • IIT Delhi : Laptop for Blind : Braille Laptop : DOTBOOK
  • Min of AYUSH : Mobile APP : Through GPS : Yoga Locator 
  • Kharga Prahar : Punjab : Army Training exercise
  • First ever project to get power from waste-to-energy plant (Ghazipur) : Delhi Metro
  • Garuda : Air Force Training : India and France
    • Varuna : Navy : India and France
  • Facebook launched first interactive Game show : Confetti in India 
  • North Central Railway : Track Live status : NAMAN App
  • India : Launch its space station by 2030
  • First mission to study Sun name Aditya-L1  - Launch In 2020
  • First Village to have 100% solar powered houses : Amasebailu, Udupi,Karnataka 
  • WHO : Campaign to adopt tool to reduce spread of Anti Microbial resistance : AWaRe
  • National plan to eradicate TB : 2025
    • Plan to eradicate Malaria : 2030 : MERA India (Malaria Elimination Research Alliance)
  • All panchayat to be connected by BharatNet broadband : 2020
Books

  • Making India Awesome : New Essays And Columns : Chetan Bhagat
  • The Test of my Life : Yuvraj Singh
  • The 3rd Pillar : Raghuram Rajan
  • Celestial Bodies : Jokha Alharti , Oman - Booker Prize - 2019
  • My seditious heart : Arundhati Roy
  • My Life , My Mission : Baba Ramdev
  • Gun Island : Amitav Ghosh : Jnapith 2018
  • Lessons Life Taught me , Unknowingly : Anupam Kher
Culture

Jul 1, 2016

Admit Card - UPSC 2016







Admit Card for UPSC - 2016 Preliminary Examination has been uploaded at : 

Mar 14, 2016

[GS3][Env and Eco] World Culture Festival NGT order, defiance, outcome

Issues 

Violations  : Yamuna floodplains destruction
  • NGT has set up a committee : Report submitted by committee (government officials) including Secretary of Water Resource Department ,IIT professor and other experts : recommended 100-120 Crores fines should be imposed.
  • NGT fines 5 crore which should be paid in a week : Order on 10 Mar 2016 but event can continue.
  • Prima facie : Due to fine it looks some violation has been made.
Army deployed to build bridge for private event
  • Legal part : Army can be deployed in : 
    • to maintain law and order 
    • in case of natural calamities
    • maintain of essential services
    • any other type of assistant which may be needed by civil authority.Therefore civil authority should decide whether to include army or not.
  • If work is demeaning ,army can refuse the request.
  • But in this case , building bridges using indigenous equipment can help in training. 
Criticism : 
  • Safety rules also violated : Fire , People , structural , general security , environmental etc
  • With that type of mega event only 5 crore is fined and that too when not paid ,asked offender to pay 25 lakh and rest in 3 weeks : Big mockery to NGT .
  • NGT showed lack of legal will in case of big offenders. 
  • No one commented that how much ecology can be restored ?
  • Wrong Message can be deciphered: Powerful people , people patronage to government can easily violate environmental laws.
  • Promoting extravaganza in the name of culture.
Facts : 
  • Kumbh Mela is government Event.
  • Ministry of Culture granted 2.5 crore to this event





Feb 29, 2016

Union Budget : 2016-17



  • Farmers and Agriculture Welfare


  • Rural Sector


  • Social Sector


  • Education


  • Skills and Job Creation


  • Infrastructure


  • Financial Sector


  • Governance


  • Fiscal Discipline


  • Tax Reforms